Escape Characters

Escape Characters:

• They are special characters to represent actions.

Example:

 To give backspacing.

To go to the next line.

Making the terminal bell ring.

• Escape actions must be closed within single quotation marks when assigned with a variable.
• Char x = ‘\n’;
• And then print the variable x to advance print or screen one line.
• Given below are some of the escape characters generally used:

Some terms related to the above box. 

Format Specifiers:

• Format specifiers are used when we display variables as output.
• Format specifiers means specifying the type of format we are going to declare.
• int sum = 89

printf(“The sum is %d\n”, sum);

We are using all the functions to display our output,

• First, we enclosed sum and %d in parentheses.
• Arguments are separated by commas.
• We are using printf function to display the output.
• And using escape characters.
• The %d is the first argument which is recognised by printf to give output. The character will immediately follow the % sign to specify the value to be displayed.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
   int integerVar = 20;
  float floatingVar = 332.33;
 double doubleVar = 8.33e+11;
 char  charVar = ‘w’;


_Bool boolVar = 1; (Maybe 0 or 1 because it is binary format).

printf(“integerVar = %i\n” , integerVar);
printf(“floatingVar = %f\n” , floatingVar);
printf(“doubleVar = %e\n” , doubleVar);
prinf(“doubleVar = %g\n” , doubleVar);
printf(“charVar = %c\n” , charVar);

printf(“boolVar = %i\n” , boolVar);
getch();
return 0;

}

Command Line arguments

• Passing data beyond the line during the program is been running.
• We have two ways to handle this:
• Requesting data from the user.
• Supplying information when the program is executed. (command line arguments)
• Every C program have main function which is the entry point of the program.
• First argument is an integer value (argc) that specifies number of arguments typed in the command line.
• Second argument is an array (argv)of character pointers.

• Example: